A column shows the information of an Eloquent attribute, in a user-friendly format.
It's used inside default operations to:
A column consists of only one file - a blade file with the same name as the column type (ex: text.blade.php). Backpack provides you with default column types for the common use cases, but you can easily change how a default field type works, or create an entirely new field type.
When passing a column array, you need to specify at least these attributes:
[
'name' => 'options', // the db column name (attribute name)
'label' => "Options", // the human-readable label for it
'type' => 'text' // the kind of column to show
],searchLogicorderLogicorderablewrappervisibleInTablevisibleInModalvisibleInExportvisibleInShowpriorityInside your setupListOperation() or setupShowOperation() method, there are a few calls you can make to configure or manipulate columns:
// add a column, at the end of the stack
$this->crud->addColumn($column_definition_array);
// add multiple columns, at the end of the stack
$this->crud->addColumns([$column_definition_array, $another_column_definition_array]);
// remove a column from the stack
$this->crud->removeColumn('column_name');
// remove an array of columns from the stack
$this->crud->removeColumns(['column_name_1', 'column_name_2']);
// change the attributes of a column
$this->crud->modifyColumn($name, $modifs_array);
$this->crud->setColumnDetails('column_name', ['attribute' => 'value']);
// change the attributes of multiple columns
$this->crud->setColumnsDetails(['column_1', 'column_2'], ['attribute' => 'value']);
// forget what columns have been previously defined, only use these columns
$this->crud->setColumns([$column_definition_array, $another_column_definition_array]);
// -------------------
// New in Backpack 4.1
// -------------------
// add a column with this name
$this->crud->column('price');
// change the type and prefix attributes on the 'price' column
$this->crud->column('price')->type('number')->prefix('$');In addition, to manipulate the order columns are shown in, you can:
// add this column before a given column
$this->crud->addColumn('text')->beforeColumn('name');
// add this column after a given column
$this->crud->addColumn()->afterColumn('name');
// make this column the first one in the list
$this->crud->addColumn()->makeFirstColumn();Enumerate an array stored in the db column as JSON.
[
'name' => 'options', // The db column name
'label' => 'Options', // Table column heading
'type' => 'array'
],Count the items in an array stored in the db column as JSON.
[
'name' => 'options', // The db column name
'label' => 'Options', // Table column heading
'type' => 'array_count',
// 'suffix' => 'options', // if you want it to show "2 options" instead of "2 items"
],Show Yes/No (or custom text) instead of 1/0.
[
'name' => 'name',
'label' => 'Status',
'type' => 'boolean',
// optionally override the Yes/No texts
// 'options' => [0 => 'Active', 1 => 'Inactive']
],Show a favicon with a checked or unchecked box, depending on the given boolean.
[
'name' => 'featured', // The db column name
'label' => 'Featured', // Table column heading
'type' => 'check'
],Shows a checkbox (the form element), and inserts the js logic needed to select/deselect multiple entries. It is mostly used for the Bulk Delete action, and custom bulk actions.
Shorthand:
$this->crud->enableBulkActions();(will also add an empty custom_html column)
Verbose:
$this->crud->addColumn([
'type' => 'checkbox',
'name' => 'bulk_actions',
'label' => ' <input type="checkbox" class="crud_bulk_actions_main_checkbox" style="width: 16px; height: 16px;" />',
'priority' => 1,
'searchLogic' => false,
'orderable' => false,
'visibleInModal' => false,
])->makeFirstColumn();Show custom HTML based on a closure you specify in your EntityCrudController. Please note this column does not escape HTML before rendering. You need to do that yourself, if you consider it necessary.
[
'name' => 'created_at',
'label' => 'Created At',
'type' => 'closure',
'function' => function($entry) {
return 'Created on '.$entry->created_at;
}
],Show the HTML that you provide in the page. You can optionaly escape the text when displaying it on page.
[
'name' => 'my_custom_html',
'label' => 'Custom HTML',
'type' => 'custom_html',
'value' => '<span class="text-danger">Something</span>',
'escaped' => false //optional, if the "value" should be escaped when displayed in the page.
],The date column will show a localized date in the default date format (as specified in the config/backpack/base.php file), whether the attribute is casted as date in the model or not.
Note that the format attribute uses ISO date formatting parameters and not PHP date() formatters. See https://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#iso-format-available-replacements for more information.
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'date',
// 'format' => 'l j F Y', // use something else than the base.default_date_format config value
],The date column will show a localized datetime in the default datetime format (as specified in the config/backpack/base.php file), whether the attribute is casted as datetime in the model or not.
Note that the format attribute uses ISO date formatting parameters and not PHP date() formatters. See https://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#iso-format-available-replacements for more information.
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'datetime',
// 'format' => 'l j F Y H:i:s', // use something else than the base.default_datetime_format config value
],The email column will output the email address in the database (truncated to 254 characters if needed), with a mailto: link towards the full email. Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'email', // The db column name
'label' => 'Email Address', // Table column heading
'type' => 'email',
// 'limit' => 500, // if you want to truncate the text to a different number of characters
],Show a thumbnail image.
[
'name' => 'profile_image', // The db column name
'label' => 'Profile image', // Table column heading
'type' => 'image',
// 'prefix' => 'folder/subfolder/',
// image from a different disk (like s3 bucket)
// 'disk' => 'disk-name',
// optional width/height if 25px is not ok with you
// 'height' => '30px',
// 'width' => '30px',
],Display database stored JSON in a prettier way to your users.
[
'name' => 'my_json_column_name',
'label' => 'JSON',
'type' => 'json',
'escaped' => false //optional, if the "value" should be escaped when displayed in the page.
],Convert a markdown string to HTML, using Illuminate\Mail\Markdown. Since Markdown is usually used for long texts, this column is most helpful in the "Show" operation - not so much in the "ListEntries" operation, where only short snippets make sense.
[
'name' => 'text', // The db column name
'label' => 'Text', // Table column heading
'type' => 'markdown',
],The model_function column will output a function on your main model. Its definition is:
[
// run a function on the CRUD model and show its return value
'name' => 'url',
'label' => 'URL', // Table column heading
'type' => 'model_function',
'function_name' => 'getSlugWithLink', // the method in your Model
// 'function_parameters' => [$one, $two], // pass one/more parameters to that method
// 'limit' => 100, // Limit the number of characters shown
],For this example, if your model would feature this method, it would return the link to that entity:
public function getSlugWithLink() {
return '<a href="'.url($this->slug).'" target="_blank">'.$this->slug.'</a>';
}Note: When displaying this column's value, the text is not escaped. That is intentional. This way, you can use it to show labels, color text, italic, bold, links, etc. If you might have malicious JS or CSS in your values, you can create a new escaped field yourself. But it's probably better to treat the problem at the source, and prevent JS and CSS from reaching your DB in the first place.
If the function you're trying to use returns an object, not a string, you can use the model_function_attribute column, which will output the attribute on the function result. Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'url',
'label' => 'URL', // Table column heading
'type' => 'model_function_attribute',
'function_name' => 'getSlugWithLink', // the method in your Model
// 'function_parameters' => [$one, $two], // pass one/more parameters to that method
'attribute' => 'route',
// 'limit' => 100, // Limit the number of characters shown
],Note: When displaying this column's value, the text is not escaped. That is intentional. This way, you can use it to show labels, color text, italic, bold, links, etc. If you might have malicious JS or CSS in your values, you can create a new escaped field yourself. But it's probably better to treat the problem at the source, and prevent JS and CSS from reaching your DB in the first place.
Enumerate the values in a multidimensional array, stored in the db as JSON.
[
'name' => 'options', // The db column name
'label' => 'Options', // Table column heading
'type' => 'multidimensional_array',
'visible_key' => 'name' // The key to the attribute you would like shown in the enumeration
],The text column will just output the number value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'number',
// 'prefix' => '$',
// 'suffix' => ' EUR',
// 'decimals' => 2,
// 'dec_point' => ',',
// 'thousands_sep' => '.',
// decimals, dec_point and thousands_sep are used to format the number;
// for details on how they work check out PHP's number_format() method, they're passed directly to it;
// https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.number-format.php
],The phone column will output the phone number from the database (truncated to 254 characters if needed), with a tel: link so that users on mobile can click them to call (or with Skype or similar browser extensions). Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'phone', // The db column name
'label' => 'Phone number', // Table column heading
'type' => 'phone',
// 'limit' => 10, // if you want to truncate the phone number to a different number of characters
],Show a pretty text instead of the database value, according to an associative array. Usually used as a column for the "radio" field type.
[
'name' => 'status',
'label' => 'Status',
'type' => 'radio',
'options' => [
0 => 'Draft',
1 => 'Published'
]
],This example will show:
Output the related entries, no matter the relationship:
Its name and definition is the same as for the relationship field type:
[
// any type of relationship
'name' => 'tags', // name of relationship method in the model
'type' => 'relationship',
'label' => 'Tags', // Table column heading
// OPTIONAL
// 'entity' => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
// 'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
// 'model' => App\Models\Category::class, // foreign key model
],Backpack tries to guess which attribute to show for the related item. Something that the end-user will recognize as unique. If it's something common like "name" or "title" it will guess it. If not, you can manually specify the attribute inside the column definition, or you can add public $identifiableAttribute = 'column_name'; to your model, and Backpack will use that column as the one the user finds identifiable. It will use it here, and it will use it everywhere you haven't explicitly asked for a different attribute.
Shows the number of items that are related to the current entry, for a particular relationship.
[
// relationship count
'name' => 'tags', // name of relationship method in the model
'type' => 'relationship_count',
'label' => 'Tags', // Table column heading
// OPTIONAL
// 'suffix' => ' tags', // to show "123 tags" instead of "123 items"
],Important Note: This column will load ALL related items onto the page. Which is not a problem normally, for small tables. But if your related table has thousands or millions of entries, it will considerably slow down the page. For a much more performant option, with the same result, you can add a fake column to the results using Laravel's withCount() method, then use the text column to show that number. That will be a lot faster, and the end-result is identical from the user's perspective. For the same example above (number of tags) this is how it will look:
$this->crud->query->withCount('tags'); // this will add a tags_count column to the results
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'tags_count', // name of relationship method in the model
'type' => 'text',
'label' => 'Tags', // Table column heading
'suffix' => ' tags', // to show "123 tags" instead of "123"
]);Show the row number (index). The number depends strictly on the result set (x records per page, pagination, search, filters, etc). It does not get any information from the database. It is not searchable. It is only useful to show the current row number.
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'row_number',
'type' => 'row_number',
'label' => '#',
'orderable' => false,
])->makeFirstColumn();Notes:
name; just make sure your model doesn't have that attribute;makeFirstColumn();false then please note there have been changes in the search() method - you need to add another parameter to your getEntriesAsJsonForDatatables() call;The select column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:
[
// 1-n relationship
'label' => 'Parent', // Table column heading
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
'entity' => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'model' => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],Show a particular text depending on the value of the attribute.
[
// select_from_array
'name' => 'status',
'label' => 'Status',
'type' => 'select_from_array',
'options' => ['draft' => 'Draft (invisible)', 'published' => 'Published (visible)'],
],The select_multiple column will output a comma separated list of its connected entities. Used for relationships like hasMany() and belongsToMany(). Its name and definition is the same as the select_multiple field:
[
// n-n relationship (with pivot table)
'label' => 'Tags', // Table column heading
'type' => 'select_multiple',
'name' => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'entity' => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'model' => 'App\Models\Tag', // foreign key model
],The table column will output a condensed table, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array or object. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there).
Its definition is very similar to the table field type.
[
'name' => 'features',
'label' => 'Features',
'type' => 'table',
'columns' => [
'name' => 'Name',
'description' => 'Description',
'price' => 'Price',
'obs' => 'Observations'
]
],The text column will just output the text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
// 'prefix' => 'Name: ',
// 'suffix' => '(user)',
// 'limit' => 120, // character limit; default is 50,
],Advanced use case: The text column type can also show the attribute of a 1-1 relationship. If you have a relationship (like parent()) set up in your Model, you can use relationship and attribute in the name, using dot notation:
[
'name' => 'parent.title',
'label' => 'Title',
'type' => 'text'
],The text column will just output the text value of a db column (or model attribute) in a textarea field. Its definition is:
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
// 'prefix' => 'Name: ',
// 'suffix' => '(user)',
// 'limit' => 120, // character limit; default is 50
// 'escaped' => false //if the text should be escaped
],The table column will output a list of files and links, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array of file paths. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there), to preview files uploaded with the upload_multiple field type.
Its definition is very similar to the upload_multiple field type.
[
'name' => 'photos',
'label' => 'Photos',
'type' => 'upload_multiple',
// 'disk' => 'public', // filesystem disk if you're using S3 or something custom
],Display a small screenshot for a Youtube or Vimeo video, stored in the database as JSON using the "video" field type.
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'video',
],Display any custom column type you want. Usually used by Backpack package developers, to use views from within their packages, instead of having to publish the views.
[
'name' => 'name', // The db column name
'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'view',
'view' => 'package::columns.column_type_name', // or path to blade file
],You can overwrite a column type by placing a file with the same name in your resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns directory. When a file is there, Backpack will pick that one up, instead of the one in the package. You can do that from command line using php artisan backpack:publish crud/columns/column-file-name
Examples:
resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns\number.blade.php file would overwrite the number column functionality;php artisan backpack:publish crud/columns/text will take the view from the package and copy it to the directory above, so you can edit it;Keep in mind that when you're overwriting a default column type, you're forfeiting any future updates for that column. We can't push updates to a file that you're no longer using.
Columns consist of only one file - a blade file with the same name as the column type (ex: text.blade.php). You can create one by placing a new blad file inside resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns. Be careful to choose a distinctive name, otherwise you might be overwriting a default column type (see above).
For example, you can create a markdown.blade.php:
<span>{!! \Markdown::convertToHtml($entry->{$column['name']}) !!}</span>The most useful variables you'll have in this file here are:
$entry - the database entry you're showing (Eloquent object);$crud - the entire CrudPanel object, with settings, options and variables;By default, custom columns are not searchable. In order to make your column searchable you need to specify a custom searchLogic in your declaration.
If your column points to something atypical (not a value that is stored as plain text in the database column, maybe a model function, or a JSON, or something else), you might find that the search doesn't work for that column. You can choose which columns are searchable, and what those columns actually search, by using the column's searchLogic attribute:
// column with custom search logic
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'slug_or_title',
'label' => 'Title',
'searchLogic' => function ($query, $column, $searchTerm) {
$query->orWhere('title', 'like', '%'.$searchTerm.'%');
}
]);
// 1-n relationship column with custom search logic
$this->crud->addColumn([
'label' => 'Cruise Ship',
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'cruise_ship_id',
'entity' => 'cruise_ship',
'attribute' => 'cruise_ship_name_date', // combined name & date column
'model' => 'App\Models\CruiseShip',
'searchLogic' => function ($query, $column, $searchTerm) {
$query->orWhereHas('cruise_ship', function ($q) use ($column, $searchTerm) {
$q->where('name', 'like', '%'.$searchTerm.'%')
->orWhereDate('depart_at', '=', date($searchTerm));
});
}
]);
// column that doesn't need to be searchable
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'slug_or_title',
'label' => 'Title',
'searchLogic' => false
]);
// column whose search logic should behave like it were a 'text' column type
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'slug_or_title',
'label' => 'Title',
'searchLogic' => 'text'
]);If your column points to something atypical (not a value that is stored as plain text in the database column, maybe a model function, or a JSON, or something else), you might find that the ordering doesn't work for that column. You can choose which columns are orderable, and how those columns actually get ordered, by using the column's orderLogic attribute.
For example, to order Articles not by its Category ID (as default, but by the Category Name), you can do:
$this->crud->addColumn([
// Select
'label' => 'Category',
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'category_id', // the db column for the foreign key
'entity' => 'category', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'orderable' => true,
'orderLogic' => function ($query, $column, $columnDirection) {
return $query->leftJoin('categories', 'categories.id', '=', 'articles.select')
->orderBy('categories.name', $columnDirection)->select('articles.*');
}
]);Sometimes the text that the column echoes is not enough. You want to add interactivity to it, by adding a link to that column. Or you want to show the value in a green/yellow/red badge so it stands out. You can do both of that - with the wrapper attribute, which most columns support.
For example, you can wrap the text in an anchor element, to point to that Article's Show operation:
$this->crud->addColumn([
// Select
'label' => 'Category',
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'category_id', // the db column for the foreign key
'entity' => 'category', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'wrapper' => [
// 'element' => 'a', // the element will default to "a" so you can skip it here
'href' => function ($crud, $column, $entry, $related_key) {
return backpack_url('article/'.$related_key.'/show');
},
// 'target' => '_blank',
// 'class' => 'some-class',
],
]);If you specify wrapper to a column, the entries in that column will be wrapped in the element you specify. Note that:
a for the element (but that's also the default); to get a paragraph you'd specify p for the element; to get an inline element you'd specify span for the element; etc;wrapper array (other than element) will be used as HTML attributes for that element (ex: class, style, target etc);Let's take another example, and wrap a boolean column into a green/red span:
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'published',
'label' => 'Published',
'type' => 'boolean',
'options' => [0 => 'No', 1 => 'Yes'], // optional
'wrapper' => [
'element' => 'span',
'class' => function ($crud, $column, $entry, $related_key) {
if ($column['text'] == 'Yes') {
return 'badge badge-success';
}
return 'badge badge-default';
},
],
]);Starting with Backpack\CRUD 3.5.0, you can choose to show/hide columns in different contexts. You can pass true / false to the column attributes below, and Backpack will know to show the column or not, in different contexts:
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'description',
'visibleInTable' => false, // no point, since it's a large text
'visibleInModal' => false, // would make the modal too big
'visibleInExport' => false, // not important enough
'visibleInShow' => true, // boolean or closure - function($entry) { return $entry->isAdmin(); }
]);This also allows you to do tricky things like:
searchLogic);Starting with Backpack\CRUD 3.3 (Nov 2017), you can have multiple columns with the same name, by specifying a unique key property. So if you want to use the same column name twice, you can do that. Notice below we have the same name for both columns, but one of them has a key. This additional key will be used as an array key, if provided.
// column that shows the parent's first name
$this->crud->addColumn([
'label' => 'Parent First Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
'entity' => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'first_name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'model' => 'App\Models\User', // foreign key model
]);
// column that shows the parent's last name
$this->crud->addColumn([
'label' => 'Parent Last Name', // Table column heading
'type' => 'select',
'name' => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
'key' => 'parent_last_name', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
'entity' => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
'attribute' => 'last_name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
'model' => 'App\Models\User', // foreign key model
]);By default, DataTables-responsive will try his best to show:
When giving priorities, lower is better. So a column with priority 4 will be hidden BEFORE a column with priority 2. The first and last columns have a priority of 1. You can define a different priority for a column using the priority attribute. For example:
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'details',
'type' => 'text',
'label' => 'Details',
'priority' => 2,
]);
$this->crud->addColumn([
'name' => 'obs',
'type' => 'text',
'label' => 'Observations',
'priority' => 3,
]);In the example above, depending on how much space it's got in the viewport, DataTables will first hide the obs column, then details, then the last column, then the first column.
You can make the last column be less important (and hide) by giving it an unreasonable priority:
$this->crud->setActionsColumnPriority(10000);Note that responsive tables adopt special behavior if the table is not able to show all columns. This includes displaying a vertical ellipsis to the left of the row, and making the row clickable to reveal more detail. This behavior is automatic and is not manually controllable via a field property.
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