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Columns

About

A column shows the information of an Eloquent attribute, in a user-friendly format.

It's used inside default operations to:

show a table cell in ListEntries;
show an attribute value in Show;

A column consists of only one file - a blade file with the same name as the column type (ex: text.blade.php). Backpack provides you with default column types for the common use cases, but you can easily change how a default field type works, or create an entirely new field type.

Mandatory Attributes

When passing a column array, you need to specify at least these attributes:

[
   'name' => 'options', // the db column name (attribute name)
   'label' => "Options", // the human-readable label for it
   'type' => 'text' // the kind of column to show
],

Columns API

Inside your setupListOperation() or setupShowOperation() method, there are a few calls you can make to configure or manipulate columns:

// add a column, at the end of the stack
$this->crud->addColumn($column_definition_array);

// add multiple columns, at the end of the stack
$this->crud->addColumns([$column_definition_array, $another_column_definition_array]);

// to change the same attribute across multiple columns you can wrap them in a `group`
// this will add the '$' prefix to both columns
CRUD::group(
    CRUD::column('price'),
    CRUD::column('discount')
)->prefix('$');

// remove a column from the stack
$this->crud->removeColumn('column_name');

// remove an array of columns from the stack
$this->crud->removeColumns(['column_name_1', 'column_name_2']);

// change the attributes of a column
$this->crud->modifyColumn($name, $modifs_array);
$this->crud->setColumnDetails('column_name', ['attribute' => 'value']);

// change the attributes of multiple columns
$this->crud->setColumnsDetails(['column_1', 'column_2'], ['attribute' => 'value']);

// forget what columns have been previously defined, only use these columns
$this->crud->setColumns([$column_definition_array, $another_column_definition_array]);

// -------------------
// New in Backpack 4.1
// -------------------
// add a column with this name
$this->crud->column('price');

// change the type and prefix attributes on the 'price' column
$this->crud->column('price')->type('number')->prefix('$');

In addition, to manipulate the order columns are shown in, you can:

// add this column before a given column
$this->crud->addColumn('text')->beforeColumn('name');

// add this column after a given column
$this->crud->addColumn()->afterColumn('name');

// make this column the first one in the list
$this->crud->addColumn()->makeFirstColumn();

FREE Column Types

boolean

Show Yes/No (or custom text) instead of 1/0.

[
    'name'  => 'name',
    'label' => 'Status',
    'type'  => 'boolean',
    // optionally override the Yes/No texts
    // 'options' => [0 => 'Active', 1 => 'Inactive']
],

check

Show a favicon with a checked or unchecked box, depending on the given boolean.

[
   'name'  => 'featured', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Featured', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'check'
],

checkbox

Shows a checkbox (the form element), and inserts the js logic needed to select/deselect multiple entries. It is mostly used for the Bulk Delete action, and custom bulk actions.

Shorthand:

$this->crud->enableBulkActions();

(will also add an empty custom_html column)

Verbose:

$this->crud->addColumn([
    'type'           => 'checkbox',
    'name'           => 'bulk_actions',
    'label'          => ' <input type="checkbox" class="crud_bulk_actions_main_checkbox" style="width: 16px; height: 16px;" />',
    'priority'       => 1,
    'searchLogic'    => false,
    'orderable'      => false,
    'visibleInModal' => false,
])->makeFirstColumn();

checklist

The checklist column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the checklist field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'checklist',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
   // OPTIONALS
   // 'limit' => 32, // Limit the number of characters shown
   // 'escaped' => false, // echo using {!! !!} instead of {{ }}, in order to render HTML
   // 'prefix' => 'Foo: ',
   // 'suffix' => '(bar)',
],

checklist_dependency

Show connected items selected via checklist_dependency field. It's definition is totally similar to the checklist_dependency field type.

[
    'label'             => 'User Role Permissions',
    'type'              => 'checklist_dependency',
    'name'              => 'roles,permissions',
    'subfields'         => [
        'primary' => [
            'name'             => 'roles', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
            'entity'           => 'roles', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
            'attribute'        => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
        ],
        'secondary' => [
            'name'           => 'permissions', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
            'entity'         => 'permissions', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
            'attribute'      => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
        ],
    ],
]

closure

Show custom HTML based on a closure you specify in your EntityCrudController.

[
    'name'     => 'created_at',
    'label'    => 'Created At',
    'type'     => 'closure',
    'function' => function($entry) {
        return 'Created on '.$entry->created_at;
    }
],

DEPRECATED: closure column will be removed in a future version of Backpack, since the same thing can now be achieved using any column (including the text column) and the value attribute - just pass the same closure to the value attribute of any column type.

color

Show color with hex code.

[
    'name'  => 'color',
    'type'  => 'color',
    'label' => 'Color',
    // OPTIONALS
    // 'showColorHex' => false //show or hide hex code
]

custom_html

Show the HTML that you provide in the page. You can optionally escape the text when displaying it on page, if you don't trust the value.

[
    'name'     => 'my_custom_html',
    'label'    => 'Custom HTML',
    'type'     => 'custom_html',
    'value'    => '<span class="text-danger">Something</span>',

    // OPTIONALS
    // 'escaped' => true // echo using {{ }} instead of {!! !!}
],

IMPORTANT As opposed to most other Backpack columns, the output of custom_html is NOT escaped by default. That means if the database value contains malicious JS, that JS might be run when the admin previews it. Make sure to purify the value of this column in an accessor on your Model. At a minimum, you can use strip_tags() (here's an example), but a lot better would be to use an HTML Purifier package (do that manually or by casting the attribute to CleanHtmlOutput::class).

date

The date column will show a localized date in the default date format (as specified in the config/backpack/ui.php file), whether the attribute is cast as date in the model or not.

Note that the format attribute uses ISO date formatting parameters and not PHP date() formatters. See https://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#iso-format-available-replacements for more information.

[
    'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
    'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'date',
    // 'format' => 'l j F Y', // use something else than the base.default_date_format config value
],

datetime

The date column will show a localized datetime in the default datetime format (as specified in the config/backpack/ui.php file), whether the attribute is cast as datetime in the model or not.

Note that the format attribute uses ISO date formatting parameters and not PHP date() formatters. See https://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#iso-format-available-replacements for more information.

[
    'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
    'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'datetime',
    // 'format' => 'l j F Y H:i:s', // use something else than the base.default_datetime_format config value
],

email

The email column will output the email address in the database (truncated to 254 characters if needed), with a mailto: link towards the full email. Its definition is:

[
   'name'  => 'email', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Email Address', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'email',
   // 'limit' => 500, // if you want to truncate the text to a different number of characters
],

enum

The enum column will output the value of your database ENUM column or your PHP enum attribute.

[
   'name'  => 'status',
   'label' => 'Status',
   'type'  => 'enum',
],

By default, in case it's a BackedEnum it will show the value of the enum (when casted), in database or UnitEnum it will show the the enum value without parsing the value.

If you want to output something different than what your enum stores you have two options:

For database enums you need to provide the options that translates the enums you store in database.
For PHP enums you can provide the same options or provide a enum_function from the enum to gather the final result.

// for database enums
[
   'name'  => 'status',
   'label' => 'Status',
   'type'  => 'enum',
   'options' => [
       'DRAFT' => 'Is draft',
       'PUBLISHED' => 'Is published'
   ]
],

// for PHP enums, given the following enum example

enum StatusEnum
{
    case DRAFT;
    case PUBLISHED;

    public function readableText(): string
    {
        return match ($this) {
            StatusEnum::DRAFT => 'Is draft',
            StatusEnum::PUBLISHED => 'Is published',
        };
    }
}

[
   'name'  => 'status',
   'label' => 'Status',
   'type'  => 'enum',
   'enum_function' => 'readableText',
   'enum_class' => 'App\Enums\StatusEnum'
],

hidden

The text column will output the text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'name', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'hidden',
   // 'prefix' => 'Name: ',
   // 'suffix' => '(user)',
   // 'limit'  => 120, // character limit; default is 50,
],

image

Show a thumbnail image.

[
    'name'      => 'profile_image', // The db column name
    'label'     => 'Profile image', // Table column heading
    'type'      => 'image',
    // 'prefix' => 'folder/subfolder/',
    // image from a different disk (like s3 bucket)
    // 'disk'   => 'disk-name',
    // optional width/height if 25px is not ok with you
    // 'height' => '30px',
    // 'width'  => '30px',
],

json

Display database stored JSON in a prettier way to your users.

[
    'name'     => 'my_json_column_name',
    'label'    => 'JSON',
    'type'     => 'json',
    // 'escaped' => false, // echo using {!! !!} instead of {{ }}, in order to render HTML
],

model_function

The model_function column will output a function on your main model. Its definition is:

[
   // run a function on the CRUD model and show its return value
   'name'  => 'url',
   'label' => 'URL', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'model_function',
   'function_name' => 'getSlugWithLink', // the method in your Model
   // 'function_parameters' => [$one, $two], // pass one/more parameters to that method
   // 'limit' => 100, // Limit the number of characters shown
   // 'escaped' => false, // echo using {!! !!} instead of {{ }}, in order to render HTML
],

For this example, if your model would feature this method, it would return the link to that entity:

public function getSlugWithLink() {
    return '<a href="'.url($this->slug).'" target="_blank">'.$this->slug.'</a>';
}

model_function_attribute

If the function you're trying to use returns an object, not a string, you can use the model_function_attribute column, which will output the attribute on the function result. Its definition is:

[
   'name'  => 'url',
   'label' => 'URL', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'model_function_attribute',
   'function_name' => 'getSlugWithLink', // the method in your Model
   // 'function_parameters' => [$one, $two], // pass one/more parameters to that method
   'attribute' => 'route',
   // 'limit' => 100, // Limit the number of characters shown
   // 'escaped' => false, // echo using {!! !!} instead of {{ }}, in order to render HTML
],

month

Show month and year with default format MMMM Y. You can also change to your format using format attribute.

[
    'name'  => 'month',
    'type'  => 'month',
    'label' => 'Month',
    //OPTIONAL
    'format' => 'MMMM Y'
],

multidimensional_array

Enumerate the values in a multidimensional array, stored in the db as JSON.

[
   'name'        => 'options', // The db column name
   'label'       => 'Options', // Table column heading
   'type'        => 'multidimensional_array',
   'visible_key' => 'name' // The key to the attribute you would like shown in the enumeration
],

number

The text column will just output the number value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'number',
   // 'prefix'        => '$',
   // 'suffix'        => ' EUR',
   // 'decimals'      => 2,
   // 'dec_point'     => ',',
   // 'thousands_sep' => '.',
   // decimals, dec_point and thousands_sep are used to format the number;
   // for details on how they work check out PHP's number_format() method, they're passed directly to it;
   // https://www.php.net/manual/en/function.number-format.php
],

password

Show asterisk symbols ****** representing hidden value.

[
    'name'  => 'password',
    'label' => 'Password',
    'type'  => 'password'
    //'limit' => 4, // limit number of asterisk symbol
],

phone

The phone column will output the phone number from the database (truncated to 254 characters if needed), with a tel: link so that users on mobile can click them to call (or with Skype or similar browser extensions). Its definition is:

[
   'name'     => 'phone', // The db column name
   'label'    => 'Phone number', // Table column heading
   'type'     => 'phone',
   // 'limit' => 10, // if you want to truncate the phone number to a different number of characters
],

radio

Show a pretty text instead of the database value, according to an associative array. Usually used as a column for the "radio" field type.

[
    'name'        => 'status',
    'label'       => 'Status',
    'type'        => 'radio',
    'options'     => [
        0 => 'Draft',
        1 => 'Published'
    ]
],

This example will show:

"Draft" when the value stored in the db is 0;
"Published" when the value stored in the db is 1;

range

Show progress bar

[
    'name'  => 'range',
    'type'  => 'range',
    'label' => 'Range',
    //OPTIONALS
    'max' => 100,// change default max value
    'min' => 0, // change default min value
    'showMaxValue' => false, // show/hide max value
    'showValue' => false, // show only progress bar without value
    'progressColor' => 'bg-success', // change progress bar color using class
    'striped' => true, // set stripes to progress bar
]

relationship_count

Shows the number of items that are related to the current entry, for a particular relationship.

[
   // relationship count
   'name'      => 'tags', // name of relationship method in the model
   'type'      => 'relationship_count',
   'label'     => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   // OPTIONAL
   // 'suffix' => ' tags', // to show "123 tags" instead of "123 items"

   // if you need that column to be orderable in table, you need to manually provide the orderLogic
   // 'orderable' => true,
   // 'orderLogic' => function ($query, $column, $columnDirection) {
                $query->orderBy('tags_count', $columnDirection);
            },
],

Important Note: This column will load ALL related items onto the page. Which is not a problem normally, for small tables. But if your related table has thousands or millions of entries, it will considerably slow down the page. For a much more performant option, with the same result, you can add a fake column to the results using Laravel's withCount() method, then use the text column to show that number. That will be a lot faster, and the end-result is identical from the user's perspective. For the same example above (number of tags) this is how it will look:

$this->crud->query->withCount('tags'); // this will add a tags_count column to the results
$this->crud->addColumn([
   'name'      => 'tags_count', // name of relationship method in the model
   'type'      => 'text',
   'label'     => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   'suffix'    => ' tags', // to show "123 tags" instead of "123"
]);

row_number

Show the row number (index). The number depends strictly on the result set (x records per page, pagination, search, filters, etc). It does not get any information from the database. It is not searchable. It is only useful to show the current row number.

$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'      => 'row_number',
    'type'      => 'row_number',
    'label'     => '#',
    'orderable' => false,
])->makeFirstColumn();

Notes:

you can have a different name; just make sure your model doesn't have that attribute;
you can have a different label;
you can place the column as second / third / etc if you remove makeFirstColumn();
this column type allows the use of suffix/prefix just like the text column type;
if upon placement you notice it always shows false then please note there have been changes in the search() method - you need to add another parameter to your getEntriesAsJsonForDatatables() call;

select

The select column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
   // OPTIONAL
   // 'limit' => 32, // Limit the number of characters shown
],

select_from_array

Show a particular text depending on the value of the attribute.

[
    // select_from_array
    'name'    => 'status',
    'label'   => 'Status',
    'type'    => 'select_from_array',
    'options' => ['draft' => 'Draft (invisible)', 'published' => 'Published (visible)'],
],

select_grouped

The select_grouped column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select_grouped',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],

select_multiple

The select_multiple column will output a comma separated list of its connected entities. Used for relationships like hasMany() and belongsToMany(). Its name and definition is the same as the select_multiple field:

[
   // n-n relationship (with pivot table)
   'label'     => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select_multiple',
   'name'      => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'entity'    => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => 'App\Models\Tag', // foreign key model
   // OPTIONAL
   'separator' => ',', // if you want to use a different separator than the default ','
],

summernote

The summernote column will output the non-escaped text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'name', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'summernote',
],

switch

Show a favicon with a checked or unchecked box, depending on the given boolean.

[
   'name'  => 'featured', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Featured', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'switch'
],

text

The text column will just output the text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'name', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   // 'prefix' => 'Name: ',
   // 'suffix' => '(user)',
   // 'limit'  => 120, // character limit; default is 50,
],

Advanced use case: The text column type can also show the attribute of a 1-1 relationship. If you have a relationship (like parent()) set up in your Model, you can use relationship and attribute in the name, using dot notation:

[
    'name'  => 'parent.title',
    'label' => 'Title',
    'type'  => 'text'
],

textarea

The text column will just output the text value of a db column (or model attribute) in a textarea field. Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'name', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   // 'prefix' => 'Name: ',
   // 'suffix' => '(user)',
   // 'limit'  => 120, // character limit; default is 50
   // 'escaped' => false, // echo using {!! !!} instead of {{ }}, in order to render HTML
],

time

Show time in 24-Hour format H:mm by default . You are also free to change the format.

[
    'name'  => 'time', // The db column name
    'label' => 'time', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'time',
    // 'format' => 'H:mm', // use something else than the default.
],

upload

Show link to the file which let's you open it in the new tab.

[
    'name'   => 'upload',
    'type'   => 'upload',
    'label'  => 'Upload',
    'disk'   => 'uploads',
]

upload_multiple

The upload_multiple column will output a list of files and links, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array of file paths. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there), to preview files uploaded with the upload_multiple field type.

Its definition is very similar to the upload_multiple field type.

[
    'name'    => 'photos',
    'label'   => 'Photos',
    'type'    => 'upload_multiple',
    // 'disk' => 'public', // filesystem disk if you're using S3 or something custom
],

url

Show a link which opens in the new tab by default.

[
    'name'  => 'url',
    'type'  => 'url',
    'label' => 'URL',
    //'target' => '_blank' // let's you change link target window.
    //'element' => 'a' // let's you change the element of the link.
    //'rel' => false OR 'rel' => 'noopener' // let's you disable or change the rel attribute of the link.
],

view

Display any custom column type you want. Usually used by Backpack package developers, to use views from within their packages, instead of having to publish the views.

[
   'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'view',
   'view'  => 'package::columns.column_type_name', // or path to blade file
],

week

Show the ISO-8601 week number of year (weeks starting on Monday). Example: Week 25 2023

[
    'name'  => 'week',
    'type'  => 'week',
    'label' => 'Week',
],

PRO Column Types

address_google PRO

Show value attribute as text stored in the db column as JSON array created by address_google field. Example: Jaipur, India.

[
    'name'  => 'address_google',
    'type'  => 'address_google',
    'label' => 'Address Google',
],

array PRO

Enumerate an array stored in the db column as JSON.

[
   'name'  => 'options', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Options', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'array'
],

array_count PRO

Count the items in an array stored in the db column as JSON.

[
   'name'  => 'options', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Options', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'array_count',
   // 'suffix' => 'options', // if you want it to show "2 options" instead of "2 items"
],

base64_image PRO

Show a thumbnail image stored in the db column as base64 image string.

[
    'name'      => 'profile_image', // The db column name
    'label'     => 'Profile image', // Table column heading
    'type'      => 'base64_image',
    // optional width/height if 25px is not ok with you
    // 'height' => '30px',
    // 'width'  => '30px',
],

browse PRO

Show link to the selected file.

[
    'name'  => 'browse',
    'type'  => 'browse',
    'label' => 'Browse',
],

browse_multiple PRO

The browse_multiple column will output a list of files and links, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array of file paths. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there), to preview files uploaded with the browse_multiple field type.

Its definition is very similar to the browse_multiple field type.

[
    'name'    => 'photos',
    'label'   => 'Photos',
    'type'    => 'browse_multiple',
    // 'disk' => 'public', // filesystem disk if you're using S3 or something custom
],

ckeditor PRO

The ckeditor column will just output the non-escaped text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'info', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Info', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'ckeditor',
],

date_picker PRO

It's the same date column with an alias, named after it's field name date_picker.

[
    'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
    'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'date',
    // 'format' => 'l j F Y', // use something else than the base.default_date_format config value
],

datetime_picker PRO

It's the same datetime column with an alias, named after datetime_picker field type..

[
    'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
    'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'datetime',
    // 'format' => 'l j F Y H:i:s', // use something else than the base.default_datetime_format config value
],

date_range PRO

Show two date columns in a single column as a date range. Example: 18 Mar 2000 - 30 Nov 1985

Its definition is very similar to the date_range field type.

[ // Date_range
    'name'       => 'start_date,end_date', // two columns with a comma
    'label'      => 'Date Range',
    'type'       => 'date_range',
]

dropzone PRO

The dropzone column will output a list of files and links, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array of file paths. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there), to preview files uploaded with the dropzone field type.

Its definition is very similar to the dropzone field type.

[
    'name'  => 'dropzone', // The db column name
    'label' => 'Images', // Table column heading
    'type'  => 'dropzone',
    // 'disk'  => 'public', specify disk name
]

easymde PRO

Convert easymde generated markdown string to HTML, using Illuminate\Mail\Markdown. Since Markdown is usually used for long texts, this column is most helpful in the "Show" operation - not so much in the "ListEntries" operation, where only short snippets make sense.

It's the same markdown column with an alias, the field name.

[
   'name'      => 'info', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Info', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'easymde',
],

icon_picker PRO

Show the selected icon. Supported icon sets are fontawesome, lineawesome, glyphicon, ionicon, weathericon, mapicon, octicon, typicon, elusiveicon, materialdesign as per the jQuery plugin, bootstrap-iconpicker.

It's definition is totally similar to the icon_picker field type.

[
    'name'    => 'icon_picker',
    'type'    => 'icon_picker',
    'label'   => 'Icon Picker',
    'iconset' => 'fontawesome' // options: fontawesome, lineawesome, glyphicon, ionicon, weathericon, mapicon, octicon, typicon, elusiveicon, materialdesign
]

markdown PRO

Convert a markdown string to HTML, using Illuminate\Mail\Markdown. Since Markdown is usually used for long texts, this column is most helpful in the "Show" operation - not so much in the "ListEntries" operation, where only short snippets make sense.

[
   'name'  => 'text', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Text', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'markdown',
],

IMPORTANT As opposed to most other Backpack columns, the output of markdown is NOT escaped by default. That means if the database value contains malicious JS, that JS might be run when the admin previews it. Make sure to purify the value of this column in an accessor on your Model. At a minimum, you can use strip_tags() (here's an example), but a lot better would be to use an HTML Purifier package (do that manually or by casting the attribute to CleanHtmlOutput::class).

relationship PRO

Output the related entries, no matter the relationship:

1-n relationships - outputs the name of its one connected entity;
n-n relationships - enumerates the names of all its connected entities;

Its name and definition is the same as for the relationship field type:

[
   // any type of relationship
   'name'         => 'tags', // name of relationship method in the model
   'type'         => 'relationship',
   'label'        => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   // OPTIONAL
   // 'entity'    => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   // 'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   // 'model'     => App\Models\Category::class, // foreign key model
],

Backpack tries to guess which attribute to show for the related item. Something that the end-user will recognize as unique. If it's something common like "name" or "title" it will guess it. If not, you can manually specify the attribute inside the column definition, or you can add public $identifiableAttribute = 'column_name'; to your model, and Backpack will use that column as the one the user finds identifiable. It will use it here, and it will use it everywhere you haven't explicitly asked for a different attribute.

repeatable PRO

Show stored JSON in a table. It's definition is similar to the repeatable field type.

[
    'name'      => 'features',
    'label'     => 'Features',
    'type'      => 'repeatable',
    'subfields' => [
        [
            'name'    => 'feature',
            'wrapper' => [
                'class' => 'col-md-3',
            ],
        ],
        [
            'name'    => 'value',
            'wrapper' => [
                'class' => 'col-md-6',
            ],
        ],
        [
            'name'    => 'quantity',
            'type'    => 'number',
            'wrapper' => [
                'class' => 'col-md-3',
            ],
        ],
    ],
]

select2 PRO

The select2 column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],

select2_multiple PRO

The select2_multiple column will output a comma separated list of its connected entities. Used for relationships like hasMany() and belongsToMany(). Its name and definition is the same as the select2_multiple field:

[
   // n-n relationship (with pivot table)
   'label'     => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2_multiple',
   'name'      => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'entity'    => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => 'App\Models\Tag', // foreign key model
],

select2_nested PRO

The select2_nested column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2_nested',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],

select2_grouped PRO

The select2_grouped column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2_grouped',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],

select_and_order PRO

Show selected values in the order they are saved.

Its definition is very similar to the select_and_order field type.

[
    // select_from_array
    'name'    => 'status',
    'label'   => 'Status',
    'type'    => 'select_and_order',
    'options' => ['draft' => 'Draft (invisible)', 'published' => 'Published (visible)'],
],

select2_from_array PRO

Show a particular text depending on the value of the attribute.

[
    // select_from_array
    'name'    => 'status',
    'label'   => 'Status',
    'type'    => 'select2_from_array',
    'options' => ['draft' => 'Draft (invisible)', 'published' => 'Published (visible)'],
],

select2_from_ajax PRO

The select2_from_ajax column will output its connected entity. Used for relationships like hasOne() and belongsTo(). Its name and definition is the same as for the select field type:

[
   // 1-n relationship
   'label'     => 'Parent', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2_from_ajax',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => "App\Models\Category", // foreign key model
],

select2_from_ajax_multiple PRO

The select2_from_ajax_multiple column will output a comma separated list of its connected entities. Used for relationships like hasMany() and belongsToMany(). Its name and definition is the same as the select2_multiple field:

[
   // n-n relationship (with pivot table)
   'label'     => 'Tags', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select2_from_ajax_multiple',
   'name'      => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'entity'    => 'tags', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => 'App\Models\Tag', // foreign key model
],

slug PRO

Show stored text value of slug.

[
    'name'  => 'slug',
    'type'  => 'slug',
    'label' => 'Slug',
]

table PRO

The table column will output a condensed table, when used on an attribute that stores a JSON array or object. It is meant to be used inside the show functionality (not list, though it also works there).

Its definition is very similar to the table field type.

[
    'name'  => 'features',
    'label' => 'Features',
    'type'  => 'table',
    'columns' => [
        'name'        => 'Name',
        'description' => 'Description',
        'price'       => 'Price',
        'obs'         => 'Observations'
    ]
],

tinymce PRO

The tinymce column will just output the non-escaped text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'info', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Info', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'tinymce',
],

video PRO

Display a small screenshot for a YouTube or Vimeo video, stored in the database as JSON using the "video" field type.

[
   'name'  => 'name', // The db column name
   'label' => 'Tag Name', // Table column heading
   'type'  => 'video',
],

wysiwyg PRO

The wysiwyg column will just output the non-escaped text value of a db column (or model attribute). Its definition is:

[
   'name'      => 'info', // The db column name
   'label'     => 'Info', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'wysiwyg',
],

Overwriting Default Column Types

You can overwrite a column type by placing a file with the same name in your resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns directory. When a file is there, Backpack will pick that one up, instead of the one in the package. You can do that from command line using php artisan backpack:column --from=column-file-name

Examples:

creating a resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns\number.blade.php file would overwrite the number column functionality;
php artisan backpack:column --from=text will take the view from the package and copy it to the directory above, so you can edit it;

Keep in mind that when you're overwriting a default column type, you're forfeiting any future updates for that column. We can't push updates to a file that you're no longer using.

Creating a Custom Column Type

Columns consist of only one file - a blade file with the same name as the column type (ex: text.blade.php). You can create one by placing a new blade file inside resources\views\vendor\backpack\crud\columns. Be careful to choose a distinctive name, otherwise you might be overwriting a default column type (see above).

For example, you can create a markdown.blade.php:

<span>{!! \Markdown::convertToHtml($entry->{$column['name']}) !!}</span>

The most useful variables you'll have in this file here are:

$entry - the database entry you're showing (Eloquent object);
$crud - the entire CrudPanel object, with settings, options and variables;

By default, custom columns are not searchable. In order to make your column searchable you need to specify a custom searchLogic in your declaration.

Advanced Columns Use

Custom Search Logic for Columns

If your column points to something atypical (not a value that is stored as plain text in the database column, maybe a model function, or a JSON, or something else), you might find that the search doesn't work for that column. You can choose which columns are searchable, and what those columns actually search, by using the column's searchLogic attribute:

// column with custom search logic
$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'        => 'slug_or_title',
    'label'       => 'Title',
    'searchLogic' => function ($query, $column, $searchTerm) {
        $query->orWhere('title', 'like', '%'.$searchTerm.'%');
    }
]);

// 1-n relationship column with custom search logic
$this->crud->addColumn([
    'label'       => 'Cruise Ship',
    'type'        => 'select',
    'name'        => 'cruise_ship_id',
    'entity'      => 'cruise_ship',
    'attribute'   => 'cruise_ship_name_date', // combined name & date column
    'model'       => 'App\Models\CruiseShip',
    'searchLogic' => function ($query, $column, $searchTerm) {
        $query->orWhereHas('cruise_ship', function ($q) use ($column, $searchTerm) {
            $q->where('name', 'like', '%'.$searchTerm.'%')
              ->orWhereDate('depart_at', '=', date($searchTerm));
        });
    }
]);

// column that doesn't need to be searchable
$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'        => 'slug_or_title',
    'label'       => 'Title',
    'searchLogic' => false
]);

// column whose search logic should behave like it were a 'text' column type
$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'        => 'slug_or_title',
    'label'       => 'Title',
    'searchLogic' => 'text'
]);

Custom Order Logic for Columns

If your column points to something atypical (not a value that is stored as plain text in the database column, maybe a model function, or a JSON, or something else), you might find that the ordering doesn't work for that column. You can choose which columns are orderable, and how those columns actually get ordered, by using the column's orderLogic attribute.

For example, to order Articles not by its Category ID (as default, but by the Category Name), you can do:

$this->crud->addColumn([
    // Select
   'label'      => 'Category',
   'type'       => 'select',
   'name'       => 'category_id', // the db column for the foreign key
   'entity'     => 'category', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute'  => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'orderable'  => true,
   'orderLogic' => function ($query, $column, $columnDirection) {
        return $query->leftJoin('categories', 'categories.id', '=', 'articles.select')
            ->orderBy('categories.name', $columnDirection)->select('articles.*');
    }
]);

Wrap Column Text in an HTML Element

Sometimes the text that the column echoes is not enough. You want to add interactivity to it, by adding a link to that column. Or you want to show the value in a green/yellow/red badge so it stands out. You can do both of that - with the wrapper attribute, which most columns support.

$this->crud->column([
  // Select
  'label'     => 'Category',
  'type'      => 'select',
  'name'      => 'category_id', // the db column for the foreign key
  'entity'    => 'category', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
  'attribute' => 'name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
  'wrapper'   => [
      // 'element' => 'a', // the element will default to "a" so you can skip it here
      'href' => function ($crud, $column, $entry, $related_key) {
          return backpack_url('article/'.$related_key.'/show');
      },
      // 'target' => '_blank',
      // 'class' => 'some-class',
  ],
]);

If you specify wrapper to a column, the entries in that column will be wrapped in the element you specify. Note that:

To get an HTML anchor (a link), you can specify a for the element (but that's also the default); to get a paragraph you'd specify p for the element; to get an inline element you'd specify span for the element; etc;
Anything you declare in the wrapper array (other than element) will be used as HTML attributes for that element (ex: class, style, target etc);
Each wrapper attribute, including the element itself, can be declared as a string OR as a callback;

Let's take another example, and wrap a boolean column into a green/red span:

$this->crud->column([
    'name'    => 'published',
    'label'   => 'Published',
    'type'    => 'boolean',
    'options' => [0 => 'No', 1 => 'Yes'], // optional
    'wrapper' => [
        'element' => 'span',
        'class' => function ($crud, $column, $entry, $related_key) {
            if ($column['text'] == 'Yes') {
                return 'badge badge-success';
            }

            return 'badge badge-default';
        },
    ],
]);

Link Column To Route

To make a column link to a route URL, you can use the linkTo($routeNameOrClosure, $parameters = []) helper. Behind the scenes, this helper will use the wrapper helper to set up a link towards the route you want. See the section above for details on the wrapper helper.

It's dead-simple to use the linkTo() helper to point to a route name:

// you can do:
$this->crud->column('category')->linkTo('category.show');

// instead of:
$this->crud->column('category')->wrapper([
    'href' => function ($crud, $column, $entry, $related_key) {
        return backpack_url('category/'.$related_key.'/show');
    },
]);

// or as a closure shortcut:
$this->crud->column('category')->linkTo(fn($entry, $related_key) => backpack_url('category/'.$related_key.'/show'));

You can also link to non-related urls, as long as the route has a name.

$this->crud->column('my_column')->linkTo('my.route.name');

// you can also add additional parameters in your urls
$this->crud->column('my_column')->linkTo('my.route.name', ['myParameter' => 'value']);

// you can use the closure in the parameters too
$this->crud->column('my_column')
    ->linkTo('my.route.name', [
        'myParameter' => fn($entry, $related_key) => $entry->something ? 'value' : $related_key ?? 'fallback_value',
    ]);

// array syntax is also supported
$this->crud->column([
    'name' => 'category',
    // simple route name
    'linkTo' => 'category.show',

    // alternatively with additional parameters
    'linkTo' => [
        'route' => 'category.show',
        'parameters' => ['myParameter' => 'value'],
    ],

    // or as closure
    'linkTo' => fn($entry, $related_key) => route('category.show', ['id' => $related_key]),
]);

If you want to have it simple and just link to the show route, you can use the linkToShow() helper.
It's just a shortcut for linkTo('entity.show').

$this->crud->column('category')
    ->linkToShow();

If you want to open the link in a new tab, you can use the linkTarget() helper.

$this->crud->column('category')
    ->linkToShow()
    ->linkTarget('_blank');

For more complex use-cases, we recommend you use the wrapper attribute directly. It accepts an array of HTML attributes which will be applied to the column text. You can also use callbacks to generate the attributes dynamically.

Choose Where Columns are Visible

Starting with Backpack\CRUD 3.5.0, you can choose to show/hide columns in different contexts. You can pass true / false to the column attributes below, and Backpack will know to show the column or not, in different contexts:

$this->crud->addColumn([
   'name'            => 'description',
   'visibleInTable'  => false, // no point, since it's a large text
   'visibleInModal'  => false, // would make the modal too big
   'visibleInExport' => false, // not important enough
   'visibleInShow'   => true, // boolean or closure - function($entry) { return $entry->isAdmin(); }
]);

This also allows you to do tricky things like:

add a column that's hidden from the table view, but WILL get exported;
adding a column that's hidden everywhere, but searchable (even with a custom searchLogic);

Multiple Columns With the Same Name

Starting with Backpack\CRUD 3.3 (Nov 2017), you can have multiple columns with the same name, by specifying a unique key property. So if you want to use the same column name twice, you can do that. Notice below we have the same name for both columns, but one of them has a key. This additional key will be used as an array key, if provided.

// column that shows the parent's first name
$this->crud->addColumn([
   'label'     => 'Parent First Name', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'first_name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => 'App\Models\User', // foreign key model
]);

// column that shows the parent's last name
$this->crud->addColumn([
   'label'     => 'Parent Last Name', // Table column heading
   'type'      => 'select',
   'name'      => 'parent_id', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'key'       => 'parent_last_name', // the column that contains the ID of that connected entity;
   'entity'    => 'parent', // the method that defines the relationship in your Model
   'attribute' => 'last_name', // foreign key attribute that is shown to user
   'model'     => 'App\Models\User', // foreign key model
]);

Escape column output

For security purposes, Backpack escapes the output of all column types except for markdown and custom_html (those columns would be useless escaped). That means it uses {{ }} to echo the output, not {!! !!}. If you have any HTML inside a db column, it will be shown as HTML instead of interpreted. It does that because, if the value was added by a malicious user (not admin), it could contain malicious JS code.

However, if you trust that a certain column contains safe HTML, you can disable this behaviour by setting the escaped attribute to false.

Our recommendation, in order to trust the output of a column, is to either:

(a) only allow the admin to add/edit that column;
(b) purify the value in an accessor on the Model, so that every time you get it, it's cleaned; you can use an HTML Purifier package for that (do it manually or by casting the attribute to CleanHtmlOutput::class);

Define which columns to show or hide in the responsive table

By default, DataTables-responsive will try his best to show:

the first column (since that usually is the most important for the user, plus it holds the modal button and the details_row button so it's crucial for usability);
the last column (the actions column, where the action buttons reside);

When giving priorities, lower is better. So a column with priority 4 will be hidden BEFORE a column with priority 2. The first and last columns have a priority of 1. You can define a different priority for a column using the priority attribute. For example:

$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'     => 'details',
    'type'     => 'text',
    'label'    => 'Details',
    'priority' => 2,
]);
$this->crud->addColumn([
    'name'     => 'obs',
    'type'     => 'text',
    'label'    => 'Observations',
    'priority' => 3,
]);

In the example above, depending on how much space it's got in the viewport, DataTables will first hide the obs column, then details, then the last column, then the first column.

You can make the last column be less important (and hide) by giving it an unreasonable priority:

$this->crud->setActionsColumnPriority(10000);

Note that responsive tables adopt special behavior if the table is not able to show all columns. This includes displaying a vertical ellipsis to the left of the row, and making the row clickable to reveal more detail. This behavior is automatic and is not manually controllable via a field property.

Adding new methods to the CrudColumn class

You can add your own methods Backpack CRUD columns, so that you can do CRUD::column('name')->customThing(). You can easily do that, because the CrudColumn class is Macroable. It's as easy as this:

use Backpack\CRUD\app\Library\CrudPanel\CrudColumn;

// register media upload macros on CRUD columns
if (! CrudColumn::hasMacro('customThing')) {
    CrudColumn::macro('customThing', function ($firstParamExample = [], $secondParamExample = null) {
        /** @var CrudColumn $this */

        // TODO: do anything you want to $this

        return $this;
    });
}

A good place to do this would be in your AppServiceProvider, in a custom service provider. That way you have it across all your CRUD panels.

About

Getting Started

Admin UI

CRUD Panels

Add-ons

Columns

About

Mandatory Attributes

Optional Attributes

Columns API

FREE Column Types

boolean

check

checkbox

checklist

checklist_dependency

closure

color

custom_html

date

datetime

email

enum

hidden

image

json

model_function

model_function_attribute

month

multidimensional_array

number

password

phone

radio

range

relationship_count

row_number

select

select_from_array

select_grouped

select_multiple

summernote

switch

text

textarea

time

upload

upload_multiple

url

view

week

PRO Column Types

address_google PRO

array PRO

array_count PRO

base64_image PRO

browse PRO

browse_multiple PRO

ckeditor PRO

date_picker PRO

datetime_picker PRO

date_range PRO

dropzone PRO

easymde PRO

icon_picker PRO

markdown PRO

relationship PRO

repeatable PRO

select2 PRO

select2_multiple PRO

select2_nested PRO

select2_grouped PRO

select_and_order PRO

select2_from_array PRO

select2_from_ajax PRO

select2_from_ajax_multiple PRO

slug PRO

table PRO

tinymce PRO

video PRO